The data were stored and were analyzed offline using an automatic programme that allowed visual checking of the raw ECG and breathing signals. Lead II electrocardiogram (ECG) and breathing signals were conveyed through analog digital converter (Power lab, 16 channels data acquisition system, AD Instruments, Australia) with a sampling rate of 1024 Hz. Autonomic function tests were carried out in autonomic laboratory, under all standardized conditions. Patients rated the perceived benefit of the therapy on a five point scale ranging from “greatly worsened my clinical condition” to “greatly improved my clinical condition.” In addition, they assessed the therapy as “more harmful than helpful,” “neither harmful nor helpful,” or “more helpful than harmful.”Īutonomic function test was done when the subject was headache-free at least 3 days before and after the test. Self-perceived benefit of the intervention was measured at the end of the 6 th week of the treatment period in both groups. The total number of headache episodes, intensity of headaches (0-10 on Visual analog scale) and medication used were noted in headache diary by patients. The subjective variable, headache-specific quality of life was measured as the change in headache-related disability, which was assessed by the headache impact test (HIT-6). Patients were randomized mainly to conventional care only (CC) and conventional care and Yoga therapy (Y) using a concealed allocation protocol. Recruited patients were explained about the nature of study and written informed consent was obtained. Furthermore female patients who were pregnant or lactating were not recruited for the study. Recent head or neck traumas within 2 years were excluded from study. Patients with other medical or neurological illness were not included in the study. Both male and female migraine patients between the age group of 15-60 years satisfying the IHS, ICHD - II criteria for migraine without (1.1) or with aura (1.2.1) with a history of at least 2 years of migraine and headache frequency of 5-15/month were recruited for the study. Diagnosis of migraine, with or without aura was done according to the guidelines of International Headache Society, International Classification of Headache Disorders 2 nd edition (IHS, ICHD - II) after thorough clinical interview, physical and neurological examination by the neurologist. Sixty patients were recruited from a tertiary referral neurology centre. The present study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Yoga as adjuvant therapy in patients with migraine. Biofeedback and relaxation have been demonstrated to be useful alternatives to standard medical therapy for both migraine and tension-type headaches. Even though in the last few decades much advancement has occurred in the research field of migraine, its treatment does not provide complete relief to many patients. The treatment of migraine involves both acute and preventive drugs along with non-pharmacological strategies. Migraine is a chronic disorder with episodic disabilities and it requires long-term management as well as preventive strategies. Autonomic symptoms (such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea, cutaneous vasoconstriction, vasodilatation, piloerection and diaphoresis) are common during acute migraine headaches. Episodic migraine may lead to chronic migraine, if it is not treated properly it may lead to medication overuse headache and increased risk of suicidal attempt.Īutonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance explains many of the clinical manifestations of the migraine disorder. It is also a risk factor for ischemic cerebral and ischemic cardiovascular diseases. The burden of migraine impacts affected individuals, their family, and society. Prodromal, headache episode and postdromal phases of migraine are known to impact productivity at work and quality of life, apart from causing cognitive impairment.
Migraine is one of the common primary headache disorders affecting 13% of the population world-wide. Migraine clinically manifests as hemi-cranial throbbing type of pain associated with nausea, vomiting, heightened sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia) with or without transient neurological symptoms.
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